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Democratic Alliance (Portugal, 1979)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the 2024 political alliance, see Democratic Alliance (Portugal, 2024).
Democratic Alliance
Aliança Democrática
AbbreviationAD
Founded5 July 1979
Dissolved1983
IdeologyConservatism
Christian democracy
Political positionCentre-right
International affiliation
List
  • Iberian links to UCD
    ‘Mesa Iberoamericana de Partidos Democráticos’[a]
    'Reunión Iberoamericana de Partidos de Centro Derecha'[b]
Colours  Blue,   Orange
Election symbol
AD - Democratic Alliance, mural painting
Vote AD - The Right Majority, mural painting

The Democratic Alliance (Portuguese: Aliança Democrática, AD) was a centre-right political alliance, in Portugal composed of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP) and the People's Monarchist Party (PPM). It existed between 1979 and 1983, and was refounded for the 2024 legislative election. After its first official dissolution, the coalition was continued to operated in local elections after 1989 and presented lists across the country in every single local election after 2001.

In the first creation, the alliance was composed of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) and the People's Monarchist Party (PPM), including also a group of dissidents of the right wing of the Socialist Party (PS) who were disappointed by the previous Soares government, called The Reformers, including José Medeiros Ferreira (who would later rejoin the PS), António Barreto (who remained a more or less centre/rightwing aligned independent) and Francisco Sousa Tavares (who joined the Social Democratic Party afterwards). The coalition was first formed in 1979 in order to run to the December 1979 legislative election.

The alliance was led by Francisco Sá Carneiro and Freitas do Amaral, and won the 1979 and 1980 legislative elections, which led to Sá Carneiro becoming Prime Minister of Portugal, but lost the presidential election of 1980 to the independent candidate António Ramalho Eanes.

After the death of Sá Carneiro on 4 December 1980, the coalition was unable to find a leader with his charisma. Francisco Pinto Balsemão, the incoming PSD leader, became Prime Minister, but was unable to consolidate the support enjoyed by his predecessor. After its defeat in the 1982 local elections, it was disbanded in 1983.

The name was revived for a similar alliance between the PSD, CDS-PP, and PPM ahead of the 2024 legislative election.

Members of the Democratic Alliance

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Leaders

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Election results

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Assembly of the Republic

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Election Leader Votes % Seats +/− Government
1979 Francisco Sá Carneiro 2,719,208 45.3 (#1)
128 / 250
 New Majority
1980 2,868,076 47.6 (#1)
134 / 250
 Increase6 Majority

Presidential elections

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Election Candidate 1st round
Votes %
1980 António Soares Carneiro 2,325,481 40.2 (#2)

Local elections

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Between 1979 and 1983

Election Votes % Councillors +/- Mayors +/- Assemblies +/- Parishes +/-
1979 1,044,642 23.5 (#2)
426 / 1,900
 New
73 / 305
 New
2,122 / 9,703
 New
9,785 / 40,110
 New
1982 988,347 19.9 (#3)
322 / 1,909
 Decrease104
49 / 305
 Decrease24
1,625 / 9,897
 Decrease497
7,684 / 41,636
 Decrease2101

Second Democratic Alliance

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Main article: Democratic Alliance (Portugal, 2024)

After the 2022 legislative election and for the first time in history, CDS–PP failed to win any seats and was wiped out of parliament. In December 2023, Luís Montenegro and Nuno Melo announced a coalition for the 2024 legislative and European Parliament elections, including the Social Democratic Party (PPD/PSD), the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP) and some independent politicians under the name Democratic Alliance (AD).[4] At first, the People's Monarchist Party (PPM) refused to join the alliance, citing the "weakness" and "lack of vision" of its leaders,[5] but they later went back with their position and joined the coalition.[6] The agreement for the coalition was signed on 7 January 2024 between Luís Montenegro, Nuno Melo and Gonçalo da Câmara Pereira, with Miguel Guimarães representing the independents that are also present in the coalition.[7]

This coalition granted CDS–PP two easily eligible seats and four potentially eligible seats,[8] while it also granted one possibly eligible seat to the PPM,[9] basically ensuring that the CDS–PP will be returning to Parliament after the 2024 election.[speculation?] The coalition was also revived for the 2024 Azorean regional election.

Assembly of the Republic

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Election Leader Votes % Seats Government
2022[c] Paulo Moniz 28,330 33.9 (#2)
2 / 5
 Opposition

Presidential elections

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Election Candidate 1st round
Votes %
2016 Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa 2,413,956 52.0 (#1)

Local elections

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After 1983 (Only in contests where PSD, CDS-PP and PPM ran in a joint coalition.)

Election Votes % Councillors +/- Mayors +/- Assemblies +/- Parishes +/-
1989 193,161 3.9 (#5)
13 / 2,002
 New
1 / 305
 New
41 / 6,753
 New
403 / 33,000
 New
2001 67,094 1.3 (#9)
10 / 2,044
 Decrease3
1 / 308
 Steady0
40 / 6,876
 Decrease1
302 / 34,569
 Decrease101
2005 91,455 1.7 (#8)
20 / 2,046
 Increase10
1 / 308
 Steady0
73 / 6,885
 Increase33
400 / 34,498
 Increase98
2009 99,811 1.8 (#9)
17 / 2,078
 Decrease3
1 / 308
 Steady0
60 / 6,946
 Decrease13
405 / 34,672
 Increase5
2013 94,015 1.9 (#9)
21 / 2,086
 Increase4
2 / 308
 Increase1
72 / 6,487
 Increase12
453 / 27,167
 Increase48
2017 75,192 1.5 (#9)
15 / 2,074
 Decrease6
2 / 308
 Steady0
42 / 6,461
 Decrease30
250 / 27,005
 Decrease203
2021 70,904 1.4 (#11)
32 / 2,064
 Increase15
3 / 308
 Increase1
96 / 6,448
 Increase54
412 / 26,790
 Increase162

Notes

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  1. ^ Only PSD and CDS, 8–11 November 1979, little de facto existence[1]
  2. ^ 9 November 1979 to 1981, little de facto existence[2][3]
  3. ^ Only in the Azores.

References

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  1. ^ The Christian Democrat International, Roberto Papini, collection "Religious forces in the modern political world", Rowman and Littlefield, 1997, p. 201
  2. ^ Entre los Autoritarismos de Castro y Pinochet – LA CUMBRE CENTRISTA EN MADRID PUEDE ABRIR UNA TERCERA VIA POLITICA PARA IBEROAMERICA, Pedro J. Ramirez, ABC de Madrid, 10 November 1979
  3. ^ OREJA INAUGURA LA CUMBRE DE CENTRISTAS IBEROAMERICANOS, 10 November 1979
  4. ^ Lusa, Jornal Económico com (2023-12-21). "PSD e CDS-PP vão avançar com coligação pré-eleitoral para as legislativas e europeias". O Jornal Económico (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
  5. ^ Mesquita, Henrique Pinto de (2023-12-21). "PPM rejeita integrar coligação pré-eleitoral com PSD e CDS, admitida por Montenegro". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
  6. ^ Mesquita, Henrique Pinto de (2024-01-03). "Afinal, PPM junta-se ao PSD e CDS e integra a Aliança Democrática". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-01-03.
  7. ^ Martins, Miguel Santos Carrapatoso, Igor. "Aliança Democrática entra em campo: Melo segura a direita, Montenegro tenta seduzir o centro". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ "Nuno Melo confirma que coligação garante pelo menos dois deputados ao CDS". Diário de Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-01-06.
  9. ^ Antunes, Rui Pedro. "PPM em lugar difícil de eleger na nova AD. Só há deputado monárquico se coligação chegar aos 19 deputados em Lisboa". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-01-06.
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